Q: What are the parts of a scientific investigatory project (SIP)?

What are the parts of a scientific investigatory project(SIP)? If possible, please explain each part.

Asked on 01 Oct, 2019

A scientific investigatory project (SIP) is a scientific research project typically undertaken in school as a class or term project or in a science fair or exhibition. It is meant to get school-children interested and inquisitive about science. While it is meant to be “light” and fun compared with a research project at a higher level (such as at a university or an institute), its structure and procedure are similar to that for a serious research study.

I have outlined the broad steps below for conducting and communicating an SIP:

• Come up with a research question : You come up with a scientific problem to solve. The problem should be relevant and novel. Also, you should typically do a literature search in the broad area to know more about the topic.
• Frame the hypothesis : You narrow down the research question to a predicted outcome, which you need to test.
• Design and conduct the study : You identify the requirements (methods, materials, and subjects as needed) and then conduct the experiment.
• Analyze and discuss the results : You inspect and interpret the results, even if they are negative (that is, do not corroborate your hypothesis).
• Form a conclusion based on the results : You discuss new learnings from the study and suggest possible directions for future experiments.
• Write a paper based on the experiment : You write a paper synthesizing the various aspects of your study described above.
• If needed, prepare a presentation and visual aid : This is not entirely applicable at a higher level, but is necessary for an SIP. You can have fun doing this, perhaps even making a 3D model.

Here are a few relevant resources from the site to get you started. For more information, you may look up other resources and sections on the site. All the best!

Related reading:

• How to choose a research question
• Tips for effect ive literature searching and keeping up with new publications
• What is the meaning of "hypothesis"?
• The secret to writing the results and discussion section of a manuscript
• Manusc ript structure: How to convey your most important ideas through your paper
• How to use visual aids to make your oral presentations better [Course]

Answered by Editage Insights on 10 Oct, 2019

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Parts of the Science Investigatory Project Report

Science Investigatory Project

Doing an investigatory project considers as a major achievement of any students in Science. Through scientific investigation, they learn how to apply the acquired knowledge, scientific concepts, theories, principles and laws of nature. They can use their higher-order process or thinking skills in conducting a research. Let us provide you a brief description of the parts of the Science Investigatory Project Report below.

Title

The Title should be clear and precise. It has an objective or purpose. It should not be written too long or too short. By just reading the title, you can determine what the investigative study is all about.

Abstract

The Abstract should be one or two paragraphs only. It includes your research problems, the method or procedure that you used and the findings or conclusion of the study.

Chapter I

1. Introduction and Its Background

The Introduction is about one page only wherein it includes the background of the study and its rationale. It usually leads into the research problem.

2. Statement of the Problem

The Statement of the Problem has two categories namely: the general problem and specific problems. Usually, one general problem and three specific problems which derived from the general problem. The research problems should be specific, reliable,valid, measurable, objectively stated. It can be a question form or in a declarative statement.

3. Formulation of the Hypothesis

The Formulation of the Hypothesis has two types namely: the null hypothesis and affirmative hypothesis. Hypotheses is a scientific guess which intends subject for thorough investigation. It is recommended to use null hypothesis in your research project.

4. Significance of the Study

The Significance of the Study indicates how important is your investigatory project for the people, environment and community as a whole. It is really relevant in the changing world or global impact into the field of technology.

5. Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The Scope and Delimitation of the Study covers the range of your research. It includes the period of research, the materials and equipment to be used, the subject of the study or the sample of the study, the procedure and the statistical treatment to be used.

6. Definition of Terms

The Definition of Terms has two types: the Dictionary-derived definitions and the Operational definitions which derived from how these terms were used in your research.

Chapter II

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Literature

The Related Literature are statements taken from science books, journals, magazines, newspapers and any documents from authorized scientists, Science experts or well-known Science agencies. These statements can support your study through their concepts, theories, principles and laws. Footnoting is important on this part.

Related Studies

The Related Studies are those researches which may be local and foreign studies who can attribute to your research or can support your investigation scientifically. Footnoting is also important on this part.

Chapter III

Methodology has several parts namely: the subject of the study, the procedure and the statistical treatment

1. The Subject of the Study

The Subject of the Study includes your population and the sample. It applies the sampling techniques to obtain a good sample of the study. Your sample should be valid and reliable.

2. The Procedure

The Procedure is the step by step and systematic process of doing your research. It includes the materials with right amount of measurements, the appropriate equipment to be used in doing the scientific investigation. It consists of several trials with control variables, independent variables and dependent variables. Gathering of data is essential in any kind of research. It is recommended to use control and experimental set-ups to arrive at valid conclusion.

3. Research Design

The Research Design may be shown through Theoretical Framework or Conceptual Framework wherein the researcher plans and designs his study with significant theories, concepts and connections. It shows the input, intervention and output of the study.

4. The Statistical Treatment

The Statistical Treatment comes in various ways. It can be mean, median, mode, percentage, Chi-square, standard deviation, T-test, Pearson r, Spearman rank or Anova I or Anova II. It is recommended to use T-test in any experimental research.

Chapter IV

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

1. Presentation of Data, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

The data gathered should be presented in order to be analyzed. It may be presented in two forms namely: through table or graph. You may use both of them if you want to clearly figure out your data. A table has labels with quantity, description and units of measurement. Graph has several types namely the line graph, bar graph, pie graph and pictograph. Choose what type of graph that you prefer to use. Analyze the data that had been gathered, presented in table or graph scientifically. You interpret the data according to what had been quantified and measured. The numerical data should be interpreted clearly in simple and descriptive statements.

2. Results

Results show the findings or outcomes of your investigation. The result must be based according to the interpreted data.

Chapter V

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

1. Summary

The Summary briefly summarizes your research from Chapter I to Chapter IV which includes the research problems, methodology and findings. It consists of one or two paragraphs only.

2. Conclusion

The Conclusion is the direct statement based on findings or results. It should answer your hypothesis and research problems.

3. Recommendation

The Recommendation is given based on your conclusion. You may give few recommendations which you think can help the fellow Science students, researchers, consumers or the entire community where people live in.

Answered by je starr decano on 12 Sep, 2020